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Ömer Bolat reported Türkiye’s 2025 e-commerce volume at TRY 4.5 trillion in his assessment of ETBİS data. The Trade Ministry statement put annual growth at 52.2%.

Retail e-commerce volume was reported at TRY 2.5 trillion, with approximately 634,000 businesses conducting e-commerce. The lira-denominated growth is nominal; it should not be interpreted as real growth after removing price effects.